{"id":12482,"date":"2026-06-09T13:32:37","date_gmt":"2026-06-09T11:32:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.plugandtrack.com\/?p=12482"},"modified":"2026-06-09T17:17:41","modified_gmt":"2026-06-09T15:17:41","slug":"temperature-discrepancies-can-i-trust-my-data-logger","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.plugandtrack.com\/en\/temperature-discrepancies-can-i-trust-my-data-logger\/","title":{"rendered":"Temperature discrepancies: can I trust my data logger?"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"12482\" class=\"elementor elementor-12482 elementor-12475\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-64fad20d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"64fad20d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-25904f9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"25904f9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"sommaire\" aria-label=\"Table of contents\"><p>Your data logger shows a discrepancy? The real reasons, explained.<\/p><p class=\"sommaire-title\"><strong>Contents<\/strong><\/p><ol><li><a href=\"#precision\">The accuracy and stability of our digital probes<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#indicateur\">Your equipment&#8217;s display: a control tool, not a measuring instrument<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#temps-reponse\">Response times and measurement frequency<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#variations\">The effect of temperature fluctuations during comparison<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#emplacement\">Probe placement: a few centimetres can mean several degrees<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#comparaison-externe\">Comparing against an external probe<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#conclusion\">Summary: how to make sense of a discrepancy<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/nav><p><\/p><section id=\"precision\"><h2><span style=\"color: #62c5bc;\">1. The accuracy and stability of our digital probes<\/span><\/h2><p>All Plug and Track data loggers \u2014 whether the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.plugandtrack.com\/en\/sensors-dataloggers\/temperature-data-logger-cold-chain-monitoring\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Thermo Button 22L<\/strong>, <strong>Thermo Button 21G<\/strong><\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.plugandtrack.com\/en\/sensors-dataloggers\/weezidot\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>WeeziDot<\/strong><\/a>, or the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.plugandtrack.com\/en\/sensors-dataloggers\/digital-temperature-sensor\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>digital probes<\/strong><\/a> (wired and wireless) used with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.plugandtrack.com\/en\/sensors-dataloggers\/thermotrack-pc\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Thermotrack PC<\/strong><\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.plugandtrack.com\/en\/sensors-dataloggers\/thermotrack-webserve\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Thermotrack Webserve<\/strong><\/a> \u2014 are equipped with digital temperature sensors.<\/p><h3>Guaranteed accuracy by model<\/h3><p>The accuracy of our instruments varies by model. The table below summarises the guaranteed specifications:<\/p><table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 15px;\"><thead><tr><th style=\"background-color: #1e294e; color: #ffffff; text-align: left; padding: 10px 14px;\">Product<\/th><th style=\"background-color: #1e294e; color: #ffffff; text-align: left; padding: 10px 14px;\">Accuracy<\/th><th style=\"background-color: #1e294e; color: #ffffff; text-align: left; padding: 10px 14px;\">Standard measurement range<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td style=\"padding: 10px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #dde3f0;\">Thermo Button 22L<\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #dde3f0;\">\u00b10.5 \u00b0C<\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #dde3f0;\">\u221210 \u00b0C to +85 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"background-color: #f2f6ff;\"><td style=\"padding: 10px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #dde3f0;\">Thermo Button 21G<\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #dde3f0;\">\u00b11 \u00b0C<\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #dde3f0;\">\u221210 \u00b0C to +85 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding: 10px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #dde3f0;\">Wired \/ wireless digital probes<\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #dde3f0;\">\u00b10.5 \u00b0C<\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #dde3f0;\">\u221210 \u00b0C to +85 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"background-color: #f2f6ff;\"><td style=\"padding: 10px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #dde3f0;\">WeeziDot<\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #dde3f0;\">\u00b10.5 \u00b0C<\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #dde3f0;\">\u221210 \u00b0C to +85 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><h3>Why &#8220;digital&#8221; makes all the difference when it comes to drift<\/h3><p>An analogue sensor \u2014 such as a thermocouple or a low-end resistance probe \u2014 produces an electrical signal that can shift over time due to humidity, vibration, or thermal cycling. A digital sensor, by contrast, outputs a value directly encoded in binary. <strong>There is no analogue signal to interpret, which means virtually no drift over time.<\/strong><\/p><div style=\"background: #f2f6ff; border-left: 4px solid #62c5bc; border-radius: 0 6px 6px 0; padding: 16px 20px; margin: 20px 0;\"><p style=\"margin: 0;\"><strong>Key takeaway:<\/strong> after years of use, a Plug and Track data logger remains just as reliable as the day it was commissioned \u2014 provided it has not suffered a serious mechanical shock or been submerged outside its rated specifications.<\/p><\/div><\/section><p><\/p><section id=\"indicateur\"><h2><span style=\"color: #62c5bc;\">2. Your equipment&#8217;s display: a control tool, not a measuring instrument<\/span><\/h2><p>The built-in display on your refrigerator, freezer, cold room, or incubator is generally <strong>not a metrological measuring instrument<\/strong>. Its primary function is to drive the compressor or heating element to keep the temperature within an acceptable range.<\/p><h3>Accuracy that is often unspecified<\/h3><p>Manufacturers of refrigeration and storage equipment rarely state the accuracy of their control probe in the user documentation. It is quite common for this accuracy to be <strong>\u00b11 \u00b0C to \u00b13 \u00b0C<\/strong> or worse outside the nominal range \u2014 and this is not considered a fault, because the goal is temperature stability, not precision measurement.<\/p><h3>A position optimised for control, not for representativeness<\/h3><p>The internal probe is positioned where the manufacturer believes it best controls the cooling system. This is typically near the air outlet, close to the evaporator, or in a very specific zone within the enclosure. <strong>That position does not necessarily represent the actual temperature experienced by stored products.<\/strong><\/p><div style=\"background: #fff5f5; border-left: 4px solid #e73331; border-radius: 0 6px 6px 0; padding: 16px 20px; margin: 20px 0;\"><p style=\"margin: 0;\"><strong>Real-world example:<\/strong> a pharmacy refrigerator may display +4 \u00b0C on its control panel, while the lower shelf (far from the cold air flow) is at +6 \u00b0C and the upper shelf is at +2 \u00b0C. This is precisely where continuous monitoring with an independent data logger proves its worth.<\/p><\/div><h3>No metrological traceability<\/h3><p>The control probe in a piece of equipment is never supplied with a calibration certificate. Its readings cannot be traced back to a national standard. In the context of a HACCP inspection, a pharmaceutical audit, or a quality review, <strong>only readings from a calibrated, traceable instrument are accepted as documentary evidence.<\/strong><\/p><\/section><p><\/p><section id=\"temps-reponse\"><h2><span style=\"color: #62c5bc;\">3. Response times and measurement frequency<\/span><\/h2><p>Even if two instruments are perfectly accurate and positioned in exactly the same spot, they can display different readings at any given moment \u2014 simply because they do not perceive temperature changes at the same rate.<\/p><h3>Thermal response time<\/h3><p>Response time is the delay before a sensor&#8217;s reading reflects a change in the surrounding temperature. It depends on the sensor&#8217;s mass, its housing, and its thermal contact with the air or medium being measured.<\/p><p>Our data loggers have a <strong>response time of approximately 2 minutes<\/strong> in free air (depending on convection conditions and the model&#8217;s housing). The equipment&#8217;s control probe may respond in a matter of seconds if it is metal and in direct contact with the air flow \u2014 or much more slowly if it is embedded in a large thermal mass.<\/p><figure style=\"margin: 28px 0; background: #f2f6ff; border-radius: 6px; padding: 20px 20px 12px;\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-12477 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.plugandtrack.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/graphique-temps-reponse.png\" alt=\"Graph showing the time lag between the equipment's display (reactive) and the Plug and Track data logger (response time ~2 minutes)\" width=\"1800\" height=\"560\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.plugandtrack.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/graphique-temps-reponse.png 1800w, https:\/\/www.plugandtrack.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/graphique-temps-reponse-300x93.png 300w, https:\/\/www.plugandtrack.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/graphique-temps-reponse-1200x373.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.plugandtrack.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/graphique-temps-reponse-768x239.png 768w, https:\/\/www.plugandtrack.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/graphique-temps-reponse-1536x478.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\" \/><figcaption style=\"font-size: 13px; color: #666; font-style: italic; text-align: center; margin-top: 10px;\">Both sensors are measuring the same enclosure, but the equipment&#8217;s display (orange) reacts almost instantly to temperature changes, while the digital data logger (green) lags slightly due to its ~2-minute response time. At any given moment (e.g. T1), the two readings can therefore differ significantly \u2014 without either instrument being faulty.<\/figcaption><\/figure><div style=\"background: #f2f6ff; border-left: 4px solid #62c5bc; border-radius: 0 6px 6px 0; padding: 16px 20px; margin: 20px 0;\"><p style=\"margin: 0;\"><strong>Practical consequence:<\/strong> if your equipment has just completed a defrost cycle or the door has recently been opened, the display may already be showing a value close to the set point, while your data logger \u2014 being more thermally inert \u2014 still reflects the disturbance. That is not an error; it is physics.<\/p><\/div><h3>Measurement frequency<\/h3><p>An equipment display typically refreshes every second or every few seconds. Our data loggers, in standard mode, record a measurement every 5, 10, or 15 minutes depending on the configuration. If a thermal disturbance occurs between two measurements, the data logger will not capture it \u2014 which can create an apparent discrepancy at any given instant.<\/p><table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 15px;\"><thead><tr><th style=\"background-color: #1e294e; color: #ffffff; text-align: left; padding: 10px 14px;\">Parameter<\/th><th style=\"background-color: #1e294e; color: #ffffff; text-align: left; padding: 10px 14px;\">Equipment display<\/th><th style=\"background-color: #1e294e; color: #ffffff; text-align: left; padding: 10px 14px;\">Plug and Track data logger<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td style=\"padding: 10px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #dde3f0; font-weight: bold; color: #1e294e;\">Response time<\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #dde3f0;\">A few seconds (variable)<\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #dde3f0;\">~2 minutes (free air)<\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"background-color: #f2f6ff;\"><td style=\"padding: 10px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #dde3f0; font-weight: bold; color: #1e294e;\">Refresh rate<\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #dde3f0;\">Continuous (every few seconds)<\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #dde3f0;\">Configurable (5 min to 1 hr)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding: 10px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #dde3f0; font-weight: bold; color: #1e294e;\">Accuracy<\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #dde3f0;\">Not guaranteed (typically \u00b11 to \u00b13 \u00b0C)<\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #dde3f0;\">\u00b10.5 \u00b0C or \u00b11 \u00b0C depending on model<\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"background-color: #f2f6ff;\"><td style=\"padding: 10px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #dde3f0; font-weight: bold; color: #1e294e;\">Metrological traceability<\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #dde3f0;\">None<\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #dde3f0;\">Optional (ISO 17025 certificate)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding: 10px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #dde3f0; font-weight: bold; color: #1e294e;\">Long-term drift<\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #dde3f0;\">Possible (uncontrolled)<\/td><td style=\"padding: 10px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #dde3f0;\">Negligible (digital sensor)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/section><p><\/p><section id=\"variations\"><h2><span style=\"color: #62c5bc;\">4. The effect of temperature fluctuations during comparison<\/span><\/h2><p>Comparing two instruments inside an enclosure whose temperature is not yet stable is one of the most common mistakes \u2014 and one of the most misleading. Even perfectly accurate instruments that are correctly positioned can show very different readings if the temperature is rising or falling at the moment of comparison.<\/p><h3>Why fluctuations widen the gap<\/h3><p>When the temperature is changing, the two instruments do not track it at the same pace. The equipment&#8217;s display or control probe, being highly responsive, picks up the change almost immediately. Your Thermo Button or digital probe, with its roughly 2-minute response time, lags behind. At any given moment T, the two devices are effectively measuring two different thermal states of the same enclosure \u2014 and the displayed discrepancy is not a measurement error, but a direct consequence of their different response rates.<\/p><p>This is precisely what the graph in the previous section illustrates: at instants T1, T2, T3, and T4, the two curves can be several degrees apart, yet they converge as soon as the temperature stabilises.<\/p><h3>Common sources of variation during a comparison<\/h3><p>The normal operating cycles of a refrigerator or freezer produce regular, unavoidable temperature fluctuations: the compressor switching on and off, automatic defrost cycles, and door openings. If a comparison is made during one of these events, the observed discrepancy can be several degrees \u2014 with neither instrument at fault.<\/p><h3>How to avoid this pitfall<\/h3><p>For a comparison to be meaningful, you must wait for a period of thermal stability: allow the enclosure to run in steady state, with the door closed, for at least 30 minutes after any disruptive event, and only compare readings over a window of time when both curves are flat and parallel.<\/p><div style=\"background: #f2f6ff; border-left: 4px solid #62c5bc; border-radius: 0 6px 6px 0; padding: 16px 20px; margin: 20px 0;\"><p style=\"margin: 0;\"><strong>Key takeaway:<\/strong> a discrepancy observed mid-cycle (compressor running, defrost in progress, door recently opened) tells you nothing about the reliability of your instruments. Always wait for stable conditions before drawing any conclusions.<\/p><\/div><\/section><p><\/p><section id=\"emplacement\"><h2><span style=\"color: #62c5bc;\">5. Probe placement: a few centimetres can mean several degrees<\/span><\/h2><p>This is arguably the most underestimated source of discrepancy. <strong>Inside a storage enclosure, temperature is not uniform.<\/strong> It can vary by several degrees depending on vertical position, distance from the evaporator, proximity to the walls or door seal, and internal air circulation.<\/p><h3>Thermal stratification<\/h3><p>Warm air rises, cold air sinks. This stratification effect is particularly pronounced in natural-convection refrigerators (without a forced-air fan). The temperature difference between the bottom shelf and the top shelf can exceed 3 \u00b0C to 5 \u00b0C in non-ventilated units.<\/p><h3>Air circulation and dead zones<\/h3><p>In forced-air units, the airflow creates active zones (near the vents) and dead zones (corners, areas blocked by stored products). A data logger placed in a dead zone can read significantly higher temperatures than one placed in the main airstream.<\/p><h3>Wall proximity and edge effects<\/h3><p>Placing a Thermo Button directly against a metal wall or on a metal shelf rack can skew readings through thermal conduction. It is recommended to position the data logger <strong>freely in the air, suspended or resting on the products<\/strong>, with no direct contact with the enclosure walls.<\/p><div style=\"background: #fff5f5; border-left: 4px solid #e73331; border-radius: 0 6px 6px 0; padding: 16px 20px; margin: 20px 0;\"><p style=\"margin: 0;\"><strong>Practical recommendation:<\/strong> for a HACCP audit or equipment qualification, always place the data logger at a position representative of the stored products \u2014 typically the centre of the usable volume \u2014 rather than next to the equipment&#8217;s own control probe.<\/p><\/div><\/section><p><\/p><section id=\"comparaison-externe\"><h2><span style=\"color: #62c5bc;\">6. Comparing against an external probe<\/span><\/h2><p>Things become slightly more complex when the discrepancy is not with the equipment&#8217;s built-in display, but with <strong>an external probe<\/strong> \u2014 a reference thermometer, another data logger, or an instrument from a metrology laboratory.<\/p><h3>Two instruments can legitimately disagree<\/h3><p>Two instruments each rated at \u00b10.5 \u00b0C can display values differing by <strong>up to 1 \u00b0C<\/strong> without either being faulty. This is a direct consequence of the accumulation of measurement tolerances: if instrument A reads +3.5 \u00b0C and instrument B reads +4.3 \u00b0C, both are within their guaranteed accuracy band around the true value.<\/p><p>Likewise, a Thermo Button 22L (\u00b10.5 \u00b0C) compared against a Thermo Button 21G (\u00b11 \u00b0C) can show a discrepancy of up to 1.5 \u00b0C while both remain within specification.<\/p><h3>The same physical factors apply<\/h3><p>Even when comparing two calibrated digital probes, the placement, response time, and measurement frequency factors described in the preceding sections all remain relevant. Two probes placed 30 cm apart inside a poorly homogeneous refrigerator can legitimately show different temperatures, without either being faulty.<\/p><h3>How to carry out a rigorous comparison<\/h3><p>For a meaningful comparison between two instruments, the following conditions must be met:<\/p><ul><li><strong>Same physical location:<\/strong> both sensors must have equivalent thermal contact with the same medium \u2014 ideally immersed in a thermostatic bath or homogeneous environment.<\/li><li><strong>Same measurement instant:<\/strong> readings must be synchronised to ensure they were both captured at the same moment.<\/li><li><strong>Stable conditions:<\/strong> the temperature must have been steady for long enough that both instruments have reached their equilibrium reading, accounting for their respective response times.<\/li><\/ul><div style=\"background: #f2f6ff; border-left: 4px solid #62c5bc; border-radius: 0 6px 6px 0; padding: 16px 20px; margin: 20px 0;\"><p style=\"margin: 0;\"><strong>Best practice:<\/strong> if you would like to carry out an initial check yourself before sending an instrument to a laboratory, consult our practical guide below. Bear in mind that a field verification provides a useful indication, but does not carry the same evidential weight as an ISO 17025 calibration.<\/p><\/div><div style=\"background: #f2f6ff; border-left: 4px solid #62c5bc; border-radius: 0 6px 6px 0; padding: 16px 20px; margin: 20px 0;\"><p style=\"margin: 0 0 6px 0; font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.08em; color: #62c5bc;\">Related article<\/p><p style=\"margin: 0 0 4px 0; font-weight: bold;\"><a href=\"#lien-article-etalonnage\">How to check or calibrate your temperature data logger yourself<\/a><\/p><p style=\"margin: 0; font-size: 14px; color: #555;\">Ice-bath method, incubator method, uncertainty calculation, and certificate writing \u2014 along with the limitations compared to laboratory calibration.<\/p><\/div><div style=\"background: #fff5f5; border-left: 4px solid #e73331; border-radius: 0 6px 6px 0; padding: 16px 20px; margin: 20px 0;\"><p style=\"margin: 0;\"><strong>Important:<\/strong> a field check, however carefully conducted, is no substitute for calibration carried out by an ISO 17025-accredited metrology laboratory. In a laboratory setting, measurement conditions \u2014 thermostatic bath, standards traceable to national references, rigorous uncertainty calculation using the 5M method \u2014 provide a level of confidence and traceability that field methods cannot match. This is the service Plug and Track offers as an optional add-on.<\/p><\/div><\/section><p><\/p><section id=\"conclusion\" class=\"conclusion-box\"><h2><span style=\"color: #62c5bc;\">Summary: how to make sense of a discrepancy<\/span><\/h2><p>A discrepancy between your Plug and Track data logger and another indicator is, in the vast majority of cases, <strong>entirely normal and explainable<\/strong>. Here are the questions to ask systematically before concluding that something is wrong:<\/p><ol><li>Are both instruments in <strong>the same location<\/strong>, at the same distance from the walls and the airflow?<\/li><li>Was the enclosure temperature <strong>stable<\/strong> at the time of the comparison (no recent defrost cycle, no door opening)?<\/li><li>Does the discrepancy exceed <strong>1 \u00b0C to 1.5 \u00b0C<\/strong> under stable conditions and at identical positions? If so, a metrological check is warranted.<\/li><li>Has the equipment&#8217;s own display been <strong>calibrated<\/strong>? In the vast majority of cases, the answer is no.<\/li><\/ol><p>If you remain uncertain, our support team is on hand to analyse your data curves and help you interpret any discrepancies.<\/p><\/section>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Your data logger shows a discrepancy? The real reasons, explained. 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